Method and apparatus for reproducing sound in connection with pictures



0d. 13, 1931. P. s. HOPKINS 1,826,786

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR REPRODUCING SOUND IN CONNECTION WITH PICTURESFiled Aug. 10, 1927 lllllllmllll U U 0 [LD 0 Ill 1 2D The purpose of myinvention is to comsound record.

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PATENT orncs UNITED STATES,

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In the art of photography, it has become general practice to 'make aseries of photographs on a strip of film, which after development may beprojected one at a time to a screen for viewing. This has in ameasuresuperseded the old ty e of lantern slide projecting apparatus, ue to thefact that a great many more Pictures can be made on a continuous strip 0film with less resultant bulk and the projecting apparatus forprojecting such pictures to a screen is-much smaller and less bulky thanthe apparatus required for rojecting lantern slides.

It has also be art of photography to record sound on film from which itmay be reproduced and am lified to roduce what is'known as talkingfilm-.' otion pictures and this sound film have also been combined inprojection and reproduction, to make talking movies.

bine the use of a sound film, with a' 'stri' of film of still picturesas above descri ed,

whereby a lecture or description of the pictures may be recorded on afilm se arately from the picture film and reproduce in connection withthe projection of such pictures and simultaneously therewith, to providefor instance, an illustrated lecture without the necessit of thelecturer.

Anotlier object of my invention is to provide means whereb upon thereproduction of the sound film, t e shifting of the picture film intheprojector may be accomplished either automatically or by manualoperation upon a signal or indication given by the Other objects andadvantages in details of construction and operation will be apparentasthe description proceeds, re erence now being had to the figures of thdrawings,

wherein like reference numerals indicate like parts.

In the drawings Figure 1 is aside View of 5 Figure 2 is a detail view ofa sound reproducing apparatus partly in to a suitable screen, not shown.

come common practice in the.

a projector for the picture film,'there being shown in detail,

diagram for convenience.

The reference numeral 1 indicates a base 'or supporting member for aprojector comlamp housing '2, and the lens mount 5, whereby the imageson such film will be rejected uch picturefilm is indicated in dottedlines at 6.

Suitable means are provided for shifting the -film 6 downwardly,comprisin a slide 7 carrying a pivoted claw 8, the teet of which areadapted to engage within the perforations along the edge of the film,and when such claw and slide 7 are moved downwardly, to move the film apredetermined distance, equal to one of the photographic image frames onthe film. Onthe return or upward stroke of the claw 8, the teeth thereofride out of the perforations of the film until the return is completed,whereupon they enga e again with the perforations, ready for tfie nextdownward movement of the film. The structure thus described has not beenshown in any great detail because it is well known 1 in the art andforms no part of this, inven-- tion.

Instead of the usual manually operated means for shifting the claw, 1may provide the projector with electrical means for so shifting suchpawl. This electrical means comprises an electromagnet 9, provided witha pivoted armature 10, adapted to be attracted to the magnet coils. Thefree end of this armature 10 is secured as by the link 11 to the lowerendof the slide'7, whereby upon energizing the magnet 9, the downward Imovementof the armature 10- will move the pawl 8 downwardly to shift thefilm a distance of one frame. Of course, any suitable means such asthecrank 12 and the pawl andratchet device 13, operated by the downwardmovement of the'slide 7, may be pro vided for rotating the take up reel4 in the lower film magazine, whereby to wind the film 6 thereon as itmoves downwardly past the projection station. With reference now toFigure 2, I have 11- lustrated a conventional form of sound reproducingmeans, comprising a support 14 within which is mounted a reproducing lam15 of constant intensity, the rays of whic' pass through lenses 16 andthrough an optical slit member, in this instance a prism 17, past whichand in engagement withwhich the film 18 hearing the sound record 19 ismoved continuously. The, modulated light switch arm 24. The operator,observing such rays assing through the sound record on the filin' arecaught by a photo-electric cell 20, where they are converted intoelectric impulses or amplified in any well known or approved manner andpassed to the loud speaker 21.

As shown clearlyrin Figure 1, the sound film 18 is provided alongtoneedge at predetermined points with notches 22. Pivoted at 23 is an armone end 24 of which is provided with a roller engageable with the edgeof the film 18 an edge and to engage wit in the notches 22 as they passthe same. The opposite end 25 of this arm is provided with a contactmember adapted to engage with a stationary contact 26 when the end 24 ofthe arms engages with the notches 22. The engagement of these contactmembers 25and 26 serves to close a suitable electric circuit to energizethe electric magnet 9. Obviously therefore each time one of the'notches22 passes the end 24 of the contact arm, the ma et 9 will be energizedand the film 6 in t e. icture projector will be shifted a distance 0 oneframe.

The notches 22 are so placed along the edge of the sound film 18 inrelation to the recorded sound thereof, as to bring about said shiftinof the picture filmat the proper and desire points in relation to therecorded sound.

It may not be desirable however to have the reproduction of the soundrecord operate the picture shiftingl device and in such event 0 this: byhand and the soun record utilized to give him indication or signal atthe proper time to shift the pican o erator may ture. Such indicationmay takemany forms as for instance a click produced in the sound recorditself at roper intervals, or a bell or lamp operated y the indicationthen moves the film shifter manuall to change the icture.

e operation 0 my invention is as follows :Assuming that a series ofpictures has been .made on a strip of film and that this strip ofpictures is to be used for educational purposes, that is, described bymeans of a lecture accompanying such pictures, for the edification ofthose who see them, a photographic sound record is now recorded in thewell known manner in connection with-such ada ted to ride on such b.sired,without departin from the recorded and re-v pictures, that is thedescription of the pictures, or a lecture concerning them, recorded on astrip of film 18 and at each point during such lecture where it isdesirable to have the picture film shifted to bring the next image intoposition for rojection, a. notch 22 is made on' the soun film.

Obviousl therefore, when the sound film is run through a reproducingapparatus, such as that shown in Figure 2, an the picture film 6 isready for projection to the picture rojector, the sound record will bereprouced, and at the proper intervals, the pictures will be shifted andthere is thus provided an illustrated lecture without the necessity ofthe lecturer, and the only operator required-being one for changing thefilm in the reproducing a paratus and projector when necessary. 'l hemany advanta of such a device will be apparent to those 'lled in the artas from one strip of pictures and one recording of the lecturepertaining to such pictures, as many prints as desired can made and sentto all parts of the country simultaneously, to libraries, schools,lecture halls, clubs, etc., equipped with a sound reproducing apparatusand a picture projector as herein described.

Of course, many changes may be made in details of construction andoperation as deirit and scope of my invention. do'not limit myselftherefore to the exact form and structure shown, other than by theappended claims;

I claim 1. In combination, a hotographic film havin a sound record tereon, means for repro ucing said record, a picture projector and aseries of still pictures for projection, means on said projector forshifting said pictures and means on said film operable at predeterminedpoints in relation to the reproduction of said sound record thereon toshift said pictures for projection appropriate to said sound record.

2. In combination, a photo aphic film bearing a sound record, means orreproducing said record, a picture projector and a strip of film bearinga series of still pictures adapted for projection in said pro jector,means on said projector for shifting said icture film, and means on saidrecord film or automatically causing the operation of said shiftin timesduring t record.

3. In combination, a photographic film reproduction of said soundbearing a sound record, means for reproduce ing said sound record,notches on the edge of said record film at predetermined intervals,

eans at predetermined a picture projector anda strip of film bearing aseries of still pictures adapted for projection in said projector, meanson said projector for said picture filmnnd means operated by saidnotches for controlling the operation of said shifting means.

4. In combination, a photo aphic film bearing a sound record, means orreproducing said sound record, notches on the edge of said record filmat predetermined intervals, 9. picture projector and a strip of filmbearing a series of still pictures adapted for projection in saidprojector, means on said proJector for shifting said picture film, and

means operated by said notches for controlling the operation of saidshifting means, said shifting means including an electromagnet and saidcontrolling means comprising an electric switch in the circuit of saidmagnet. PHILIP S. HOPKINS.

